
Wednesday, March 27, 2013
Thursday's Therapy - Nutrients for a Traumatized Brain

Wednesday, November 30, 2011
Thursday's Therapy - 8 Ways for Us Child-Loss Grievers to Restore Our Damaged Brains

Thursday's Therapy
8 Ways for Us Child-Loss Grievers to Restore Our Damaged Brains
It was first at the conference Tommy and I went to in Atlanta, Georgia, training under premier Trauma specialist Dr. Bessel A. van der Kolk, when we learned that brains are often damaged (with evidence of the "hippocampus" actually shrinking) when going through severe trauma such as that of losing our child. That was in February, 2010. At that point in time, Dr. van der Kolk, who works as Medical Director of the Trauma Center at Justice Resource Institute in Brookline, Massachusetts, was not sure that the damaged hippocampus (which was revealed through the newly available brain imaging for trauma patients) could be repaired or not. (Even the medical world didn't think that the brain could generate new cells; doctors had been taught over the years that the brain had a fixed number of cells, and that was it; a person could only lose cells from that point on, but could never expect to regain any.) Research since that point in time, thankfully, reveals that our brains can indeed go through neurogenesis in which the hippocampus loss that we've apparently experienced can be restored! This new understanding regarding the potential for brain cells to regenerate is called "Neuroplasticity." The following is a list of exciting ways in which the brain can purportedly (via scientific observation) be stimulated into producing such new brain cells, called "Neurogenesis."
7 Scientifically Proven Ways to Stimulate Brain Cell Growth / Neurogenesis
~ found in a blog called, 4mind4life.com
Neurogenesis - “The birth of new neurons in the brain; also referred to as the process in which neurons are created.
The growth of new brain cells occurs in the region of the brain called the "hippocampus." The ‘hippocampus’ is an area involved with memory, learning, and other cognitive functions. In order to live and become part of our brain, new neurons formed in the hippocampus-region need support from surrounding nutrients from blood and glial cells.
Most importantly, they need support from other surrounding neurons – otherwise these new brain cells will die. Though thousands of new brain cells are formed and produced via the hippocampus each and every day, many die quickly after birth. When we can keep them alive for this crucial period after birth, we are able to effectively boost the power of the human brain by adding new brain cells to the bank of existing cells.
Though neurogenesis is most active during prenatal development, there is growing evidence that certain activities also induce the growth of new brain cells [neurons] in the brain. Provided below are 7 researched and proven ways to grow new brain cells and provide a safe haven for effective neurogenesis.
1. An Exercise Regimen
Everybody knows that exercise is good for your overall health and heart, but in recent findings, powerful evidence has proven that exercise is great for your brain. Scientific experiments have discovered that mice consistently using running wheels had around 2 times the amount of hippocampal neurons (brain cells) as the mice that didn’t exercise.
Another study at (Columbia) University found that humans who had a(n) exercise training program were able to grow and maintain new brain cells and nerve cells in the hippocampus region of the brain. The specific area called the “dentate gyrus” is responsible for helping produce neurogenesis. Even more studies have discovered that those who exercised had 2 – 3 times the increases in the birth-rate of new neurons!
2. Eating Blueberries
Eating blueberries can trigger the growth of new brain cells? That’s right! 19-month-old rats that were put on a blueberry enriched diet [equal to about 1 cup per day for humans] were more skilled at navigating through mazes than rats who weren’t fed blueberries. Scientists know for a fact that blueberries promote the growth of new neurons. In order to track the growth of neurons, researchers injected dye into rats.
They saw that in the hippocampus region, new brain cells were generated. Scientists figure that “anthocyanin dye” – the dark bluish-dye found in blueberries caused the neurogenesis. The anthocyanin-dye contains chemicals that can cross the blood-brain barrier and produce the growth of neurons. There is growing evidence that the “anthocyanin dye” has the same effect on the brains of humans!
3. Taking Time for Meditation
Meditation (w)as always thought to have been beneficial for the brain. Recent compelling evidence from scientific researchers at Yale, Harvard, and Massachusetts Institute of Technology revealed that meditation can allow us to “grow bigger brains.” Though this isn’t the same thing as neurogenesis, meditation could very well be an activity that boosts the birth rate of neurons.
Researchers also discovered that meditators literally had an altered-physical brain structure compared to non-meditators. Brain scanning technology [i.e. MRIs] showed that meditation boosted thickness of brain structure dealing with attention, sensory input, and memory functions. The thickening was found to be more noticeable in adults than younger individuals. It’s interesting because the same sections of our cortex that meditation thickens, tend to get thinner as we age.
Meditation is known to boost brain activity, coherency of brain waves, strengthen neural connections, and thicken gray matter. Though scientists haven’t confirmed the effects of meditation and its ability to aid neurogenesis [due to complexity issues], there is a likely possibility that it helps.
4. Antidepressant Drugs
Scientific research by the National Institute of Mental Health has proven that antidepressants work by allowing our brains to grow new brain cells (neurons). In a 2003 study, scientists discovered that when they blocked the formation of new neurons in the hippocampus brain region, behavioral effects of the antidepressant Prozac [Fluoxetine] were diminished.
Research has already understood that depression, stress, and anxiety disorders can cause death of neurons in the brain. More studies have demonstrated that most other antidepressants on the market can and will trigger the growth of new neurons. {Actually, our understanding is that, according to J. Douglas Bremner, M.D., associate professor of psychiatry and radiology at Emory School of Medicine in Atlanta, Georgia and author of Does Stress Damage the Brain, in a seminar held in Atlanta, Georgia in September, 2011 that Tommy and I attended, the SSRI anti-depressants are the only antidepressants on the market that trigger the growth of new neurons in the brain.} Even more interesting is the fact that besides humans, adult animals grow new neurons when given antidepressant drugs.
Though there are many other interactions in the brain with antidepressants, their primary beneficial effect from them is derived from their ability to produce neurogenesis. Now if scientists can only figure out a way to induce the amount of neurogenesis that antidepressant medication does without creating a new drug!
5. An Enriched Environment
Science has long known that living in a mentally stimulating environment versus an impoverished environment is far better for brain development. Research has found that exposure to an enriched environment enhances neurogenesis functioning and is able to regulate emotionality.
Scientists have found that memory-based tasks were far improved in the hippocampus region of the brain when human beings are raised in a healthy, enriched environment. One study found that mice put in stimulating environments actually had larger hippocampus regions than did those living in “standard” or “poor” laboratory conditions. They discovered a direct correlation between an enriched environment and the amount of neurons produced in the brains of mice. This had a significant effect on neurogenesis!
6. The Act of “Learning”
Though scientists have long known that new brain cells are able (to) “enhance learning” – they never thought that “learning” could actually cause the birth of new brain cells… that is, until recently. In recent animal studies, researchers have found that there was a direct relationship between “learning” and the survival rate of newly-birthed brain cells.
When researchers taught certain rodents a wide-variety of cognitive tasks which involved a wide-range of brain areas – scientists found that the more the animal “learned” – the more new neurons were able to survive in the hippocampus. Scientists have made it clear that “learning” can increase the presence of new neurons in the brain.
Brain cells that are born in the hippocampus, which normally die off, are literally “rescued” by “learning” experiences. There is still plenty of research being conducted in this area and not all sources agree. However, your best bet is to keep your brain power boosted and your mind sharp. Always try to learn something new!
7. Restricting Caloric Intake
The phenomena of calorie restriction has continued to puzzle researchers. They have found that eating less food can lead to significant increases in longevity. Even when starting calorie restriction in middle age, it is able to produce around a ten to twenty percent increase in life-span. (Calorie restriction) has also been associated with hundreds of biological changes and can harbor our ability to produce new brain cells.
Restricting calorie intake has been associated with increases in neurogenesis and a better overall neuroprotective effect in the brain. Scientists have found that calorie-restricted animals nearly always stay active and healthy up until the end of their lives. This phenomena has also been associated with a significantly lowered likelihood of developing a degenerative brain disease and can even produce new nerve cells!
8. Infrared Light Helmets
Though the use of infrared light helmets is relatively new, researchers believe that they may help patients with Alzheimer's disease by helping them grow new brain cells. Developer of this infrared light helmet, Dr. Gordon Dougal, (also the director of medical research at medical research company Virulite) believes the helmet will hit the market about 1 year from now. It works by aiming low levels of infrared light at the wearer’s brain. Next, it stimulates neurogenesis in the brain, suggests research.
More on how this works according to its inventor [Dr. Gordon Dougal]:
“How we hope it’s going to work is that the infrared light will be facing inside the helmet onto the actual person, onto their skin, onto their brain, and actually goes on the frontal part of the bones, so it goes onto the actual front part of the brain and the side of the brain.
“The side of the head and their skull are relatively thin, so the light will penetrate the skull and treat the underlying brain tissue. And the top of the head is also quite thin, and the light will penetrate the brain tissue at that point.”
————————————————————————————————————————-
For more information, view the sources:
LE Magazine: June 2002 – Calorie Restriction, Exercise, Hormone Replacement, and Phytonutrients Fight Aging – Age Conference – Madison, Wisconsin
Harvard University – Meditation found to increase brain size – Mental calisthenics bulk up some layers By William J. Cromie – Harvard News Office http://www.news.harvard.edu/gazette/daily/2006/01/23-meditation.html
Antidepressants Grow New Brain Cells – About.com; http://mentalhealth.about.com/cs/psychopharmacology/a/neurogenesis.htm
Sci STKE. 2003 Aug; (195):318. Antidepressants and Hippocampal Neurogenesis. Santarelli L, Saxe M, Gross A, Surget A, Battaglia F, Dulawa S, Weisstaub N, Lee J, Duman R, Arancio O, Belzung, Hen R.
The Journal of Neuroscience. 2007 Mar; 27(13): 3252-3259. Experience-Specific Functional Modification of the Dentate Gyrus through Adult Neurogenesis: A Critical Period during an Immature Stage. Tashiro A, Makino H, Gage FH.
Stanford University Research In Progress: HD & Lifestyle http://www.stanford.edu/group/hopes/rltdsci/inprogress/ae2.html

Article thanks to, http://4mind4life.com/blog/2008/08/18/7-scientifically-proven-ways-to-stimulate-brain-cell-growth-neurogenesis/
Related: For more information on brain foods, read the article http://4mind4life.com/blog/2008/07/18/brain-foods-list-of-50-good-brain-foods/
Bessel A. van der Kolk's book: Traumatic Stress: The Effects of Overwhelming Experience on Mind, Body, and Society
Thursday, June 23, 2011
Friday's Faith - Death Stops All Clocks

Friday's Faith
Death Stops All Clocks
I wrote the following poem the other night after watching a movie depicting Charles Dickens' classic book Great Expectations, in which the main character put her life completely on hold, stopping all the clocks in her house when her fiance broke off with her the day of her wedding. She never came out of the house after that day and kept all the drapes closed, blocking all sunshine out of her life until the day she died. She became a prisoner in her own home and at her own hands...
Uncomfortably, much of her life resonated with these past almost-five years of my life...
Death Stops All Clocks
Lord, have I indeed, stopped all the clocks
Since her death ~ trying to make Time stand still?
Have I stilled my body ~ locked in a box,
As if, not moving through time, I could bring her back still?
OR, as time stands still, do I help myself mourn,
Giving my traumatized brain time to adjust...
Pacing myself by baby-steps, as, heart-torn,
My body/soul/spirit could otherwise "bust,"
Trying to do "normal" when it flew out with death's gust?
The reality is Death stops all clocks;
Death paralyzes into a tranced-state;
Trauma is sealed in limbic systems with locks;
Caught in a riptide, we give in--to navigate...
(While others look on with attitudes of hate:
Instead of wanting to help, they'd rather berate,
While we must be patient with ourselves--not judge,
For only with love will our grief start to budge
as we overlook those who hold Griever-Grudge.)
Trauma takes time to be walked through;
Within therapeutic limits, grief will break through.
The truth is Lord, my baby's with You...!
Respond to Me, My child;
I'll pour my heart out to you.
The One who died, your child to reconcile,
Is the One who longs to make His thoughts known to you.
The only way through Satan's destruction
Is humbly turning to my instruction:
Some sell their souls
To have lands and gold
Others yield their soul ~
In them, I pour My Love into their soul.
Love heals. Love reveals.
Love, your heart gently seals.
Just as Love now holds your baby close to My heart,
So Love holds your heart, My healing to impart...

Wednesday, February 9, 2011
Thursday's Therapy - TRAUMA Therapy Toolbox - PTSD and Understanding the Hypervigilant Child-Loss Brain

Thursday's Therapy
TRAUMA Therapy Toolbox
PTSD and Understanding the Hypervigilant Child-Loss Brain
Criterion D symptoms, the final set of symptoms that define PTSD, have to do with the body's physical response to trauma or threat:
- feeling constantly revved up,
- startling easily,
- getting angry easily,
- having difficulty sleeping, and
- difficulty concentrating.
Criterion D (to ascertain whether a person has a sufficient number of symptoms in the final category of symptoms to qualify as having Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder) has to do with the body remaining on high alert to threat and able to respond instantly if needed - the fight-or-flight response. Small things can trigger large physical reactions, including
- rapid heart rate and breathing,
- heightened sense of fear or anxiety,
- jumpiness,
- irritability, and
- muscle tension. There may also be
- stomach queasiness or nausea, because during times of stress intestinal function shuts down so that blood can be shunted off for more important purposes like keeping muscles going. The increased physiological reactivity can lead to
- sleep disturbance,
- concentration problems,
- memory problems, and
- the feeling of never being able to shut down.
~Charles W. Hoge, M.D., Once a Warrior Always a Warrior
*****
After the first year or two, when the shock and numbness of losing Merry Katherine began to wear off, Tommy and I each noticed a heightened sense of hypervigilance begin to set in with many of the symptoms from the list above. We were feeling "constantly revved up, startling easily, getting angry easily, having difficulty sleeping, and difficulty concentrating." We were getting only four hours of sleep each night, and would consider it a good night's rest if we could get that much.
We were exhibiting such jumpiness and hyper-startle at any sudden movement or noise (and at that time, we had NO IDEA WHY we were feeling so threatened... This was before we learned about the "brain damage" that can come with living with severe distress over a long period of time along with the stress hormone cortisol raging through our bodies...).
So, as we were continually living in such a state of hypervigilance, we didn't think twice about going to get our permits to carry fire-arms!
First we had to go through a fairly intensive course of safety training from the appropriate officials. We took hours and hours of lectures and demonstrations and videos first. Then we took a written test. Next, we were going to have to shoot at targets before we could qualify to pass the course so that we could proceed with the process of getting our permits.
Out of 50 shots, we were going to have to have 70% of our shots land in the designated target area of our paper targets that were in the shape of a person in order to qualify to get our permit...
After all of our class-time was over, and our written tests were turned in, the instructor suddenly stopped everything, and asked,
"Has ANYONE in here NEVER shot a pistol before?"
The class seemed stunned by the question. I timidly raised my hand. (I was the only one in the class to do so.) The look on the teacher's face said it all; there was a "Well, I Never...!" look that came over him. He must have been a very good instructor who knew a lot about guns as he wisely advised, "Be sure you rent a small caliber gun to shoot with."
The instructor knew Tommy had brought only two guns, and they were both high caliber, and both were snub-nosed (if any of you know the implications there). There would have been what I call a high kick-back factor there (a painful recoil factor tantamount to having the car door slam on your hand 50 times), and a snub nosed gun would not be accurate past 7 yards! I rented a 22 caliber despite Tommy's nay-saying. And I not only passed the test with flying colors though the only gun I'd ever shot in my life was a b-b gun, but my score even beat state-award-winning shooter Tommy Prince's score (with his snub-nose gun that about took his arm off after 50 shots). After that, Tommy stopped calling me "Angie"; instead he began calling me "Angie Oakley"! LOL!
We got our permits, 10 fingerprints apiece later at the Highway Patrol's office. Like a former post said, Nobody had better mess with this Grieving Mother... She's packin' heat!

Thursday, January 13, 2011
Friday's Faith - Are Our Brains Strange, or... Preparing to Change?

Friday's Faith
Are Our Brains Strange,
or... Preparing to Change?
Do you think it strange
When you can't trust your brain?
Before you can speak,
Your mind skips a beat;
Details once remembered --
Not key, so they up and skimpered.
Folks who need you strong
Now look at you wrong,
Not ~ "tested for a time,"
but, "Oh my! She's lost her mind!"
When our child was killed,
Were our brain cells killed ~
Or were they pushed aside
For a much bigger task assigned?
We won't always understand though,
For there's much in Heav'n we can't know.
But we trust it all will fit into place
When we see our Jesus face to face.
Be patient with your brain...
It's the storm before grief's rain.
Even as God will comfort give,
He'll teach anew how to live.
Do you think it strange
When you can't trust your brain?
Perhaps God uses pain
To redesign our brain...
To focus on what matters
Away from all that clatters.
What we think is strange
On this planet earth
Is perhaps needed change
To shrink our "god-like" girth,
To remind us of our need
To hearken to His voice and heed.
God, rework the neural pathways
That we may follow Your ways.
In this state of flux, move in ~
Give us hearts that yearn for Thee
"O God, Create a clean heart within,
And then, Renew a right spirit within me!"

Poem - Are Our Brains Strange, or... Preparing to Change? - Angie Bennett Prince - 1/6/2011
Thursday, April 1, 2010
Thursday’s Therapy - Our Traumatized Brain~An Over-Saturated Sponge

Thursday’s Therapy
Our Traumatized Brain
~
An Over-Saturated Sponge
Stress and Memory
Chronic over-secretion of stress hormones adversely affects brain function, especially memory.
Too much cortisol can prevent the brain from laying down a new memory, or from accessing already existing memories.
{No Wonder We Thought We Were Losing Our Minds!}
The renowned brain researcher, Robert M. Sapolsky, has shown that sustained stress can damage the hippocampus, the part of the limbic brain which is central to learning and memory. The culprits are "glucocorticoids," a class of steroid hormones secreted from the adrenal glands during stress. They are more commonly known as corticosteroids or cortisol.
During a perceived threat, the adrenal glands immediately release adrenalin. If the threat is severe or still persists after a couple of minutes, the adrenals then release cortisol.
Once in the brain, cortisol remains much longer than adrenalin, where it continues to affect brain cells.
Cortisol Affects Memory Formation and Retrieval
Have you ever forgotten something during a stressful situation that you should have remembered? Cortisol also interferes with the function of neurotransmitters, the chemicals that brain cells use to communicate with each other.
Excessive cortisol can make it difficult to think or retrieve long-term memories. That's why people get befuddled and confused in a severe crisis. Their mind goes blank because "the lines are down."
They can't remember where the fire exit is, for example.
Why We Lose Our Memory
Stress hormones divert blood glucose to exercising muscles, therefore the amount of glucose--hence energy--that reaches the brain's hippocampus is diminished. This creates an energy crisis in the hippocampus which compromises its ability to create new memories.
That may be why some people can't remember a very traumatic event, and why short-term memory is usually the first casualty of age-related memory loss resulting from a lifetime of stress.
Cortisol and Temporary Memory Loss-Study
In an animal study, rats were stressed by an electrical shock, and then made to go through a maze that they were already familiar with. When the shock was given either four hours before or two minutes before navigating the maze, the rats had no problem. But, when they were stressed by a shock 30 minutes before, the rats were unable to remember their way through the maze.
This time-dependent effect on memory performance correlates with the levels of circulating cortisol, which are highest at 30 minutes. The same thing happened when non-stressed rats were injected with cortisol. In contrast, when cortisol production was chemically suppressed, then there were no stress-induced effects on memory retrieval.
According to James McGaugh, director of the Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory at the University of California, Irvine. "This effect only lasts for a couple of hours, so that the impairing effect in this case is a temporary impairment of retrieval. The memory is not lost. It is just inaccessible or less accessible for a period of time."
Cortisol and the Degenerative Cascade
Normally, in response to stress, the brain's hypothalamus secretes a hormone that causes the pituitary gland to secrete another hormone that causes the adrenals to secrete cortisol.
When levels of cortisol rise to a certain level, several areas of the brain -- especially the hippocampus -- tell the hypothalamus to turn off the cortisol-producing mechanism. This is the proper feedback response.
The hippocampus, however, is the area most damaged by cortisol.
In his book, Brain Longevity, Dharma Singh Khalsa, M.D., describes how older people often have lost 20-25% of the cells in their hippocampus {and Dr. Bessel A. van der Kolk reminds us that for a time the traumatized victim – in our case, of traumatic grief – also has a shrunken hippocampus}, so it cannot provide proper feedback to the hypothalamus, so cortisol continues to be secreted.
{Boy, does this explain a lot of the traumatic episodes I have been through where I thought I was absolutely losing my mind – that when I most needed it, my mind seemed the least able to function for me so that
I Was Afraid To Trust My Own Mind!
This neurophysiological explanation of what is going on in our traumatized brains explains SO MUCH to me that was otherwise downright CRAZY-MAKING!}
This, in turn, causes more damage to the hippocampus, and even more cortisol production.
Thus, a Catch-22 "degenerative {And/Or Traumatic} cascade" begins, which can be very difficult to stop.
{You can say that again!}
Cortisol and Brain Degeneration-Study
Studies done by Dr. Robert M. Sapolsky, Professor of Neurology and Neurological Sciences at Stanford University, showed that lots of stress or exposure to cortisol accelerates the degeneration of the aging hippocampus.
And, because the hippocampus is part of the feedback mechanism that signals when to stop cortisol production, a damaged hippocampus causes cortisol levels to get out of control - further compromising memory and cognitive function.
The cycle of degeneration then continues. (Perhaps similar to the deterioration of the pancreas-insulin feedback system.
Building Memories-Neurogenesis-Study
The growth of new brain cells – a process called neurogenesis – is involved in new memory formation. Researchers at Princeton University report that, even in adulthood, thousands of hippocampal neurons were being generated per day.
In animal studies, the number of adult-generated neurons in the hippocampi of rats doubled after they performed specific behavioral tasks and training that involved associative learning. In contrast, tasks that did not require the hippocampus did not stimulate new cell growth.
"All of the species we examined showed evidence of substantial neurogenesis in adulthood," Princeton's Elizabeth Gould said. "These findings indicate that adult-generated hippocampal neurons are specifically affected by, and potentially involved in, associative memory formation."
{Parenthetical comments throughout this article are my own.}
All in all, our over-loaded, traumatized brains are like an over-saturated sponge~There's just not a lot more we can take in; we have quite enough already to process without adding any more! And the Cortisol hormone keeps putting us into fight-or-flight so that our verbal processes and cognitive functioning (i.e., planning what we must do to help ourselves) get pushed aside for us to get-in-touch-with at a later time, like it or not...
Thank you to The Franklin Institute, Research for Science Learning for this excellent and enlightening article! Next week, I hope to talk about some RELIEF we can find from the cortisol streaming through our grieving bodies! So please, stay tuned...

http://www.fi.edu/learn/brain/stress.html




















